Photosynthesis Flashcards
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What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, usually from the sun, into chemical energy stored in glucose.
Where does photosynthesis primarily occur?
Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
What is the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis?
The overall chemical equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?
The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions).
What role does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll captures light energy, which is essential for the process of photosynthesis.
What are chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts are specialized organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis by capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy.
What is the Calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle is a series of biochemical reactions in the stroma of chloroplasts that convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
Who discovered the Calvin cycle?
The Calvin cycle is named after Melvin Calvin, who discovered it.
What is glucose?
Glucose is a simple sugar that serves as an important energy source in living organisms and has the chemical formula C6H12O6.
What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrients and are a significant source of energy for the body, classified into sugars, starches, and fiber.
What is the function of NADPH in photosynthesis?
NADPH is used in the Calvin cycle to help convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
What is ATP's role in photosynthesis?
ATP provides the energy required for the biochemical reactions in the Calvin cycle.
What is the significance of photosynthesis for life on Earth?
Photosynthesis produces oxygen and organic matter, which are essential for the survival of nearly all organisms.
How does photosynthesis contribute to the carbon cycle?
Photosynthesis sequesters carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, reducing greenhouse gas levels and forming the basis of the food web.
What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?
Chloroplasts are responsible for conducting photosynthesis, capturing light energy, and converting it into chemical energy.
What is the process of carbon fixation?
Carbon fixation is the process in the Calvin cycle where carbon dioxide is incorporated into an organic molecule by the enzyme RuBisCO.
What are the implications of photosynthesis for agriculture?
Photosynthesis is the foundation of the food chain, supporting agriculture and the growth of crops vital for human and animal consumption.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and climate change?
Photosynthesis helps reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, playing a crucial role in mitigating climate change.
What is the importance of oxygen produced during photosynthesis?
The oxygen produced during photosynthesis is vital for the respiration of most living organisms.
What is the endosymbiotic theory related to chloroplasts?
The endosymbiotic theory suggests that chloroplasts originated from ancient symbiotic bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral plant cells.
What are the three main types of photosynthesis pathways?
The three main types of photosynthesis pathways are C3, C4, and CAM.
What is the role of light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
Light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.
What is the significance of Melvin Calvin's research?
Melvin Calvin's research on carbon dioxide assimilation in plants led to the discovery of the Calvin cycle, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1961.
Why Use Flashcards for Learning About Photosynthesis?
Active recall through flashcards strengthens memory pathways and improves long-term retention. This method is particularly effective for learning about Photosynthesis because it breaks down complex concepts into manageable chunks, making learning more efficient and engaging.
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